Iranian Journal of Diabetes and Obesity
Volume:2 Issue: 2, Summer 2010

To investigate fasting glucose, glucose tolerance, insulin resistance and insulin–like growth factor 1 in patients with or without colorectal polyps. In this cross-sectional study, we evaluated fasting glucose, insulin, insulin–like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), lipid profile and glucose tolerance test in 103 patients undergoing colonoscopy (52 normal and 53 with Adenomatous polyps). We also estimated homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) in two groups. Statistical analyses were performed using the Student T-test and Chi-square test. For all tests a P value ≤ 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.The mean of waist circumference (P < 0.01), waist to hip ratio (P < 0.01), fasting serum glucose (P < 0.05), total cholesterol (P < 0.05), and LDL (P < 0.05) were significantly higher in patients with adenomatous polyps. The mean of HDL was significantly lower in patients with adenomatous polyps (P < 0.01). There was no relation between fasting serum insulin, IGF-1 and glucose tolerance test with adenomatous polyps. Hence HOMA-IR was higher in patients with adenomatous polyps (2.9 ± 2.6 vs. 2.82 ± 2.1), this difference was not significant statistically.Fasting hyperglycemia could be a risk factor to adenomatous polyps’ development. Although this study did not show any relation between insulin resistance index and adenomatous polyps, further studies are needed for more evaluation.

The prevalence of childhood obesity is increasing worldwide. This study investigated the prevalence of obesity and its associated factors in schoolchildren of Neishabour, winter 2006. In a cross–sectional study, 1471 students, aged 6-12 years, were selected by a two-stage cluster sampling. Height and weight of the students were measured and BMI was calculated. A hundred and fourteen subjects were selected as a case group (had a BMI ≥ 95th percentile of Iranian reference) and control group (n = 102) were chosen from the students having 15th ≤ BMI ≤ 85th. The prevalence of obesity was reported to be 8.5 % (CI 95%, 7.1-10%), 4.6% (CI 95%, 3.5-6%), 7.3% (CI 95%, 6-9%) according to the Iranian reference, CDC 2000 and IOTF 2000, respectively. Obese children had significantly higher birth weight than the non-obese ones. The ratio of the first and second born child in the case group was significantly higher than in the control group (P < 0.001). Also, the rate for children who began taking their complementary foods under 6 months of age was significantly higher in the case group (80.7%) than control group (46.1%). There was significant difference in the mean time of watching TV and playing computer games between the case and control groups (P < 0.001). Significant association was found between BMI and the above-mentioned variables in the case group. Mean scores of physical activity differed in the case and control group (P < 0.001). Since the prevalence of obesity differs based on various references, it is recommended that each country applies the most relevant BMI percentile for assessing its children. Obesity had significant association with high birth weight, birth grade and the age of the introduction of complementary food. The findings of this study may be helpful in implementing practical interventions to prevent obesity and overweight in the study population.

The present study was performed to compare the antioxidant effect of two different doses of zinc on lipid oxidation in type 2 diabetic patients.This double-blind, randomized controlled trial was conducted on 60 type 2 diabetic patients in Yazd Diabetes Research Center in 2008. The subjects were randomly allocated to receive Zinc sulfate (Iran, Alhavi) either 220 mg (containing 50 mg zinc) or 110 mg (containing 25 mg zinc) daily for two months. In the present study it was found that serum levels of zinc at the end of trial differed significantly after 50 mg/day zinc supplementation (P = 0.002), but this difference was not observed with dose of 25 mg/day zinc administration. There were no significant differences in the quantitative parameters of serum lipid oxidation after either of two doses of Zinc Sulfate (P > 0.05).This study showed zinc supplementation with 50 mg daily for two months could increase serum level of zinc significantly, but we did not observed any change in susceptibility of serum lipid oxidation by 25 or 50 mg zinc supplementation in diabetic patients.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disease which affects many organ systems in the body and is associated with a progressive weight loss. Many diabetic patients used to consume herbal remedies to relieve their symptoms. Black tea and its fermented remedy which is made by cultivating the Kombucha mushroom in a mixture of warm tea and sugar are widely used by diabetic patients throughout the world. In this study, the effect of chronic consumption of black and Kombucha tea on weight loss was investigated in diabetic Rats. In this study Streptozotocin (60 mg/kg) was used to induce diabetes mellitus in rats and blood glucose higher than 300 mg/dl was considered as the criterion for the diabetes induction. Control animals received tap water while the sham and test groups consumed sweet black tea solution and different diluents of Kombucha tea solution (25%, 50%, 75% and 100%), respectively for 15 days as their drink. Animals weight was measured before DM induction and on days 1, 3, 7 and 15 after DM induction. Data were analyzed as mean ± SEM on different days and in different groups by using T-test and one-way ANOVA. All diabetic animals showed a significant weight loss (P < 0.05) which continued progressively in control group, but in animals consuming black or Kombucha tea, there was a progressive weight gain during the experimental procedure, so at the end of the experiment, the animals weight in these groups was the same as their weight before DM induction (P > 0.05). At the end of this experiment there was no significant difference in the animals weight in black and Kombucha tea groups (P > 0.05).According to our findings both black and Kombucha tea induce weigh gain in diabetic rats which may be due to some antidiabetic agents in these remedies.

In traditional medicaments, Teucrium Polium is used as anti-fungal, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and antidiabetic. Modern researches have shown that use of T. polium in vitro leads to decrease in fatty acids. To confirm the anti-diabetic evidences of Teucrium polium this survey was done to evaluate the effect of boiled aqueous extract of T. polium on serum lipids, body weight and glucose, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and Creatinine (CRT) in diabetic male rats.20 male rats became diabetic by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg). The animals were divided randomly into two groups. The aerial parts of Teucrium polium was powdered, drenched and boiled. The experimental diabetic groups received this boiled extract (2% and 4%) freely for two weeks but the control group received tap water. Liver enzymes and biochemical parameters (cholesterol, triglyceride, glucose, alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, urea and Uric Acid) were measured by kinetic (Enzymatic) and colorimetric methods.Our results showed that 4% dose of T. polium can decrease serum glucose and triglyceride significantly (P < 0.05), but cholesterol, urea, U Acid, ALT, AST and CRT were not significant between the test and control groups after using T. polium. 2% concentration of T. polium does not have any effect except on body weight. Although the aqueous extract of Teucrium polium has hypoglycemic properties and can improve body weight in experimental animals, it seems that it does not have any effect on other factors and is not suitable as an alternative treatment.

Since bread is the main source of food in Iran, we aimed to assess the effect of four types of Iranian breads on metabolic and cardiovascular responses before and during 15, 30, 60, 90, 120 and 180 minutes of consumption in type 2 diabetic patients.Ten type 2 diabetic patients (6 women and 4 men) with mean age of 51 ± 9.8 years and mean BMI of 31.9 ± 1.19 kg/m2 who were taking oral antidiabetic agents (Sulfonylurea or/and Metformin) or an antidiabetic dietary regimen alone were recruited in this study. After obtaining informed consent, the subjects received 60 g (2 serving) one of the four types of traditional breads (Sangak, Taftoon, Barbari, Lavash) in four visits. Blood samples were collected before and 15, 30, 60, 120 and 180 minutes after beginning of eating. 24-hour dietary recalls were obtained at the first, middle and end of the study.The mean of blood glucose after consumption of all types of breads differed significantly at 60, 90, 120 and 180 min. At 180 min after ingestion of Sangak (P = 0.023), Taftoon (P = 0.002) and Lavash (P = 0.000), a significant difference was observed compared with before ingestion. Result indicated that Barbari bread has the best effect on fasting blood glucose.Our findings indicated that Barbari bread has the best effect on control of blood glucose and consumption of whole-grain breads (Sangak and Barbari) may reduce glucose excursion, improving glycemic control and as a supplementary means of diabetic therapy.

Foot ulcer in diabetic people has a negative effect on their quality of life. It can decrease social activities, and increase stress. It can also limit doing job tasks, and increase life financial burden and high medical expenses. So examination of feet and considering foot care in these patients are essential. This analytic-descriptive research was performed on 80 hospitalized diabetic patients in 2009 using questionnaires to assess their demographic data and self foot care. The subjects were selected in a convenience method.Only 7.5% of subjects had been educated about self care to prevention of foot ulcer. Practice level in self care behaviors of 15% of them was good, 60% moderate and 25% low. There was a significant relationship between sex and the amount of foot care and between the histories of foot ulcer existence and the amount of foot care according to chi-square test.Preventive measures can decrease the incidence of foot ulcer in diabetic people so it seems that providing educational programs about the ulcer and prevention methods is necessary to improve these patient's quality of life.